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The design of Dongguan lens is a very creative work, which must be based on experience and keen insight to understand the characteristics of various optical aberrations.

First, the lens manufacturer will explain the basic principles of lens design: any lens, old or new, can use the term "lens specification" to distinguish the number of lenses, the type of glass, the surface radius of the lens, the thickness of the lens, the distance from the lens to the lens, the diameter of each lens, and so on. These are the parameters used to fully describe the shot. When light from an object passes through a glass surface, the light is refracted, as described in the physics we learn in middle school physics textbooks. The amount of light refracted depends on the refractive index of the glass. If the lens designer knows exactly where and at what Angle light enters the front lens of the lens, he can accurately trace the light path through a system of ray theory.

Angles and distances can be figured out by the sine and cosine of trigonometric functions. The path of light can therefore be traced by simple plane geometry. We know that the energy emitted by any point source is scattered and has no direction to speak of.

Only part of the energy passes through the lens, and the designers also assumed that simple mathematics could be used to calculate the energy through the lens (which is treated as a series of separate rays) to trace the path of those rays.

The lens designer first tracks a small amount of light from a point on the optical axis. The assumption here is that each object will be formed at its corresponding point on the film plane, so the light from the object will be converted into a phase point like an optical lens, and will have the same relative position.

This is GaussianFiction. For those points close to the optical axis, a designer can reasonably be confident that Gaussian imaging is quite accurate. This is ParaxialOptics. Although the formula is fairly simple (at least for experienced designers), it requires that these numbers be calculated to 5 to 8 decimal places.

In photography, a filter is used to protect the lens and to filter light. The lens in the camera is the most precious, it is necessary to strengthen the protection, install the filter, can not let some dust erosion, of course, it is also very convenient to wipe, don't worry about will wipe the lens. When the lens is in photography, the focus mirror to accept the light is the same as people see objects. If it is a strong light to see things, it will not adapt to it all of a sudden, and the eyes will be tired, so I put on the filter glasses, the eyes feel more comfortable, because the lens blocks a part of the strong ultraviolet light, so that the eyes accept the outside world in the case of negative release.

The same goes for the filter on this lens, which effectively prevents the intrusion of strong ultraviolet light to create clarity, and also prevents some air pollution from corroding the lens. When shooting on film with a traditional camera. Because of the chemical properties of film, it is particularly sensitive to ultraviolet light in sunlight, and in places where ultraviolet light is strong, pictures taken using film are generally bluish and pale. Seriously affect the quality of the photo.

Adding a piece of filter (protective mirror) in front of the lens can effectively filter out the UV and improve the clarity of the photo aspheric lens. For mountain photography or aerial photography, can make the distant scenery clearer, restore a more real, gorgeous picture.

At that time, filters became a must-have color filter. Because filters not only improve the image, but also protect the lens from dust, fingerprints and other contamination. So. Filters are always installed in front of the lens without removal, and are the most widely used color filters.

In the digital era, because CCD, the core imaging component of digital machine, is no longer too sensitive to UV as film, the filter (protective mirror) to UV filtering function gradually weakened, but due to oil stains, fingerprints, scratches coating damage still exists. In this case, the filter is more protective. Some people worry that adding filters will affect image quality.

The above is the basic principle of the lens manufacturer and the role of the filter, I hope to help you.